Furnace.



PATENTBD IUNB 26, 1906.

J. F. SENTER.

FURNAE` APPLICATION FILED SEPT.18.1905.

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APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 18,1905.

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PATBNTED JUNE ze, 1906.

J. F. SENTER.

FURNACE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 18,1905.

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GRM/nut wi themes az/MM y TER, a citizen of the United lStates,

JOHN F. sENTER, OF BIRMINGHAM,

TO THE WALSH AND WEIDNER TENNESSEE, A CORPORATIONOF TENNESSEE..

FURNAGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented .rune 2e', 1906..

Application filed September 18, 1905. Serial No. 279,007..

To all whom it may concern:

.Be it known that I, JOHN FLETCHER SEN- residing 'at Birmingham, in thecounty of Jefferson and State of Alabama, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Furnaces, of which the Ifollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the construction and arrangementof furnaces wherein I propose to increase their efliciency and economyof operation by providing means to Introduce air or gas into thefire-box in 'a hi bly-preheated condition by passing it through aheating-passage formed in a vdivi-` sion-wall in the furnace-casing.

My invention is particularly applicable in connection with theimprovements in boiler construction briefly shown and described hereinand constituting the subject-matter of a separate application,'SerialNo. 279,006, filed of even date herewith. As utilized for this urposethe boiler-tubes are preferably diyided. by a vertical partition in themain casing, which is hollow and is supplied with air or gas at itsupper end and at its lower end communicates with conduits by means ofwhich the air or gas may be discharged into the fire-box. I prefer touse a steam or air jet to positively force the Huid preheated by thepartition into the fire-box, and I preferably discharge it into thefire-box through a plurality of openings in the brid e-wall thereof,these openings being arrange in the manner most suitable for thepartlcular character of the combustible with which the furnace is fired.

When using my invention in connection with the burning of solid fuelthefurnace is normally maintained closed and the fuel introduced by amechanical Stoker to avoid the disadvantages of a surplus supply of airupon the opening of furnace-doors. 'The necessary amount of air forinsuring a complete and substantially ysmokeless combustion of the fuelis then introduced through the. hollow division-wall in theboiler-casing and at any desired points below the grate or above thebrid e-wall, where it comminglcs with thel gases from the fuel andproduces a comple e consumption of combustible elements therein. Toproduce the best results with solid fuel, it is desirable that the sameshould be fed into the furnace regularly and evenly Igrate beingeffected by vposed within the oven or and in a manner 'to .cause acomplete volatilization ol its combustible matter. I obtain thisimportant result 'b feeding the fuel through a'cnute to a plat orrn ofconsiderable width which terminates Within the fire-box substantiallyflush' with `the, rate, which slopesdownw ardly and is referaly providedat itslower end with a umping-grate por, tion. Thewidth of for theurpose of v4effecting a su stantial coking of)tl1`efuel before it passesonto the grate, the movement of the fuel toward the one or any desirednumber of mechanically-o erated This even distribution'an feed o thefuel in combination with -the controllable supply of reheated oxygendelivered in a controllab e uantity at the points whereit willproduce te best results. 'enable me vto obtain with my furnace a complete andsmokeless-consumption of the fuel.

Myfur of furnace or other kinds of gas, it being only necessary toconnect the gas-su ply conduit with the su ply-ports for the ho lou7divisionwall and uti lzing an air-jet for the purpose of forcing the Tofurther perfect this adaptation of my invention, I provide means topurify the furnacegas by washing it in water 'treated'with a purifyingagent, such as trisodium hosphate. My invention is also applicable fbruse as a furnace for ovens or kilns, the airor gas b'eing preheated in ahighA artition-Wall disthat the flames from the furnace are cause topassl upwardly over .this partition before enter- 1n the, oven. Asapplied to this'use a pluthe platform 1s rovided nace is convertible forthe burning'` preheated gas Iinto the fire-box.

nand so arran ed ALABAMA, AssieNOnv oF- ONE-HALF BOiLER COMPANY, OFcHAr'rANOoeA,

fplungers. l

ra ity of furnaces may be used for each oven or kiln, which is thenprovided with a central outlet-flue in its bottom.

In addition to the above particular uses` `my invention possessesadvantages in the details of construction and arrangement of parts whichare, hereinafter described, and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in' Which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional viewy of my rnaceas applied to my improved steam- IOO boiler, which 1s shown partly inside elevation. Fig. 2 is a similar view of as converted for the burninis a view along ther line :l:

my furnace of gas. Fig. 3 ig. 2. Fig. 4 is y boiler-casing into twocompartments, ineach of Which is seated a lower drum 6, connected byWater-tubes 7 with headers 8, which are in turn connected to and supporta steam- I chamber 5.

drum 9. The fia-mes pass over the divisionwall 4 and down to thestack-opening 10. One or more ports or passages 11 lead through the endsof the division-wall and casing, as in Fig. 3, and introduce air or gas,as the case may be, to the upper end of the These pipes preferably enterthe division-Wall on both sides, so as .to d istribute the air or gasmore evenly thereln. At its lower end this chamber 5 opens into acompartment 12, having doors 13' at its ends to enable it to be cleanedout. A pipe, 14 is disposed. withiny the compartment 12 and providedwith one or a series of jet-nozzles 15, which are adapted to discharge afluid, such as air or steam, under pressure in to onel ory more. pipesor passages 16, which lead through the division-wall and beneath thefront drum 6 and enter a chamber. 17 in the hollow bridge-Wall 2. Thecompartment 12 may be dispensed with, in which case the pipe 14 will bedisposed in the lower end of the chamber 5.v Preferably a number ofpipes 16 are used and a jet-nozzle 15 disposed so as to discharge intoeach of these pipes, thus acting with an ejector effect to draw the airor gas throu h the chamber' and force it into the cham er 17. From thispoint air or gas.

flows through passages, such as 18 and 19,

which discharge, respectively, above the 4bridge-wall and below thegrate 20 of the iire- 0X. In the case/of gas, as hereinafterdescribed,-I prefer to cover the passage leading below the grate, sothat the gas flows through the top Iof the bridge-wall.

I ropose as a preferred means of introducing el in the fire-box 1 tofeed it through a chute'21, connected to the front end of the nre-boxand disposed above a platform 22,

. which forms a bottom for the feed-doors 23,

through which the fuel enters the fire-box. The platform 22 projectswell into the firebox and is provided withfa flanged shoulder 24, whichsu ports the front endof the grate 20, preferab y on-a level with theplatform. A cross-bar 25 supports the rear end of this grate adjacent tothe' Vdumping-grate 26, which is sWivelly mounted on an axis 27 andlating the supply of aafiea adapted to dropl cinde'rs and ashes into thepit 23, from which they may be withdrawn through the door 29.-

To control'the feed of fuel, I provide any desired number of plungers30, which rest upon the outer edge of the platform and pass throughsuitable openings at the bottom of the chute. Links 31 swivelly connectthese plungers to operating-rods 32, journaled upon standards 33,connected to the chutes. These rods are provided with elongated slots 34at their upper ends, through which a cornmon actuating-rod 35 passes, sothat the plungers at the front' of the fire-box can be movedsimultaneously. This effects an even and regular su is of considera leadvantage. yThe platform 22 is of such a width that the fuel as it dropsthereupon from the chute is coked before the plungers shove it acrossand onto the grate. The continued, operation of the plungers forces thefuel as it burns down the inclined grate 30 until it reaches the dum-grate 26, when it will have been complete y burned. The dump-grate isoperated, preferably, at the saine tlme with the plungers, so that equalquantities of fuel are introduced upon and discharged from the grate atthe same time. This maintains a re ular distribution of-the fuel in acomparativey y thin body over the grate, thus iving the preheated air aready access to a l'the fuel `and enabling the combustible matter of thelatter to be readily and completely volatilized. The. best results areobtained from the furnace by reguair thereto proportionately to the suply `of fuel, this regulation being effected eit er by valving the ports11 or varying the injector-pressure of the steam- 'ets l In`adapting thefurnace hereinbefore described for burning gas the latter isv introducedthrough the ports 11 and is forced by a jet of compressed ail` into thehollow bridge- Wall 2. The chamber 17 in the bridge-Wall is preferablyprovided with a director-plate 36, opposite the pipe 16, which causesthe air and gas to thorou ply of fuel to' the grate, which' hlycommingle before ICO IIO

passing up through t e ports 37 in the top of the bridge-wall. Thisplate 36 may be used to close the port or ports 19, leading under IISthe grate, as it is desirable to burn the gas at the top of thebridge-Wall.

Inadapting my invention for burning blastfurnace as it is .desirable toseparate from the gas a l particles of carbon, lime, mineral partlcles,and' other hardenable crust-forniing materials with which the-gas isusually heavily charged and which, if permitted -to enter the furnace,will incrust the boiler with a thick scale and glreatly reduce itssteaming efficiency, as we as cost of maintenance and cleanlng. To avoidthis, I pro-I pose to wash the as lby introducing it through pipes 38,un er hecontrol of valves 39, intoa long tank 40. The tank is providedwith a iioat 41, which ,controls the ilushvalve 42. Water is sup lied tothe tank 40 through a pipe 44, un er the control of a' globe-valve orother'suitable means, to su ply it as it is needed. The valve 43controlls the return of water through a pipe 45, froma tank 46, which isconnected with the tank 40 through a pipe 47. A water-purifier, such astrisodium phosphate, is introduced into the circulationfthrough areceptacle 48, connectlfl ed to the return-45. This purifier ispreferable, as it is readily soluble 1n the water, will not vaporize andpass off in the steam, and isl non-.corrosive 1n its action. It will1mmed1-l ately act upon the boiler-injuring carbonates and sulfates oflime, magnesia, and other incrusting materials, changingthem intounhardenable phosphates and neutralizing the carbonio and sulfuric acidswhichthewater takes up from the gas. By maintaining. the water in thiscondition, the gas is thoroughly washed and all injurious impurities aredeposited in the tank 40 and flushed outthrough outlet 42, so that thegas may be burned without necessitatin the constant cleaning out of theboiler an the blowing o of the tubes. When gas is used, the top of thefuelchute is closed or the fire-box opening 23 is closed to prevent theentrance of cold air.

` The gas-pipes 38 preferably terminate in spread nozzles 49. I'Thevalves 39 may be operated by handles 50, through the rigging 51, thehandles being disposed conveniently to the front of the fire-box. n

In adapting my invention for firing ovens or kilns I prov'de a main oven52 with a high partition-wall 53, which is hollowed out to form thechamber 54, as in Fig: 1. Pipes 55 admit air or gas to the upper end ofthis chamber, from which it flows through porty 56, into the fire-box 2,which is provided with the fuel feeding and burning appliances` here-`inbefore described. In this casethe divisionwall takes the place of thebridge-wall, being arranged so that it becomes highl heated by theflames as they pass upwardly part of the oven. is provided for thellames near the center of the bottom of the oven or kiln. As'shown,two-or more of these furnaces may be used to fire the same kiln, whichmay thus be heated by solid fuel or gas, asl maybe most convenient.

g I- have in detail described several applications of my invention andhave illustrated. it in its preferred forms. It will be understood,

. however, 'that it may be modified without departing from theprinciples which control its operation, and I desire to protect all suchmodifications.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination with a vertical boilerbetween the wall and casingbefore entering the top A suitable outlet-flue 561 casing divided intocompartments by a hollow artition-wall, a transverse chamber at theottom of said partition, a steam-pipe therein, a plurality ofpipesleading therefrom, a plurality of jet-nozzles for discharging steaminto said pipes, ports vto admit air or gas near the top of said hollowpartition, a e-boX, a hollow ported brid e-wall therefor to which saidpipes lead, an means to protect said pipes from the direct action of theames. f

2.v The combination with a f.:rnacecasing and a yseparate fire-boxcommunicating therewith, of a vertical hollowpartition-wall having anenlarged chamber at the bottom thereof, ports for `the admission of airor as at the top of said wall, a hollow brid e-waIl parallel to saidpartition-wall, a set of? pipes to carry the preheated air or gas fromsaid lenlar ed chamber to said bridge-wall, and a mu tiported steam-pipein said chamber to force the circulation through said pipes.

3. The combination with a vertical boilercasing, having a hollowpartition-wall therein, of a Dutch oven opening into said casing, ahollow bridge-wall over which the products of combustion flow from saidoven, a drum seated behind said bridge-wall, air-pipes connecting saidhollow partition and bridgewalls and disposed below said drum, and portsto admit air. or gas to said hollow partition-wall and discharge itthrough said bridgewall into said Dutch oven. 2 A

4. The combination with a'furnace-casincr divided into two compartmentsby a vertical partition over which the products of combustion flow, 4aDutch oven opening near the bottom of one compartment, a hollow bridge-Wall at the inner end of said loven, a drum mounted between said walland partition,

IOO

pipes to connect the hollow chambers in said 'wall and partition whichare protected by said drum, ports to admit air or gas to the chamber ,insaid partition, a multiported steam-pipe to force said air'or gas intosaid pipes, and ports to discharge said air or gas into said oven,substantially as described.

15. In a furnace for burning solid or gaseous fuel, the combination witha vertical boilercasing, a fire-box opening into said casing andprovided with a grate and fuel-charging doors, a hollow wall betweensaid fire-box and casing, ahollow deflector-wall in said casing, anormally open port or ports leading from the interior of saiddeflector-wall without said boiler-casing, a gas-supply pipe or pipes,means to connect said pipes and ports, a chamber at the bottom of saidde'lectorwall, a steam-jet pipe therein, a plurality of pipes disposedout of contact with the llames, which lead from said chamber to saidhollow wall between the. fire-box and casing, and ports in said latterwall which discharge the gases into said fire-box. A

6. The combination with a boiler-furnace IIO4 IIS

having a vertical hollow partition-wall therein, of gas-pipes enteringthe upper end of said wall, a stearn-pipe entering the lower part ofsaid wall, a fire-box Without the boiler-casing provided with grate-bars`and uel-charginv doors, a bridge-wall for said rire-box disposedparallel to said partition-wall and provided with a chambeig'pipesleading from the partition-wall to said chamber in the bridge-Wall,

1o steam-jets to force the gas admitted to said p artition-wall intosaid chamber in the bridgewall, an angular plate in said chamberaffainslJ which the gases are discharged ,and a prlurality of portsleadin frhm saidy chamber, substantially as desori ed.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand inpresenoe of tWosubscribing witnesses. JOHN F. SENTER.

Witnesses W. H, MOORE,` NOMIE WELSH.

